Nestled in the heart of Iceland's vast wilderness lies Askja Caldera, a marvel of nature's power and beauty. This guide delves into everything you need to know about Askja, from its formation and location to why it's a must-visit for anyone exploring Iceland.
In this article, we aim to cover all aspects of Askja, including historical eruptions, how to visit, and the unique experiences it offers.
The Formation of Askja Caldera
Askja Caldera, a stunning testament to the Earth's volcanic activity, was formed through a series of dramatic events. The most significant of these occurred in 1875 when a massive eruption led to the collapse of the land, creating the caldera as we see it today.
This event not only shaped the landscape but also contributed to the formation of the bright blue-green waters that fill the caldera, making it a picturesque spot unlike any other.
Location and Special Features
Located in the Vatnajökull National Park, the largest national park in Iceland, Askja offers a remote and rugged landscape. The caldera is part of the Icelandic Highlands, known for their stark beauty and challenging conditions.
What makes Askja particularly special is its water-filled crater, offering views that seem more akin to the Caribbean than the Arctic. Nearby, Lake Askja (Okjuvatn) adds to the allure, being the second-deepest lake in Iceland and a barometer for volcanic activity.
Visiting Askja: A Journey to the Center of the Earth
The journey to Askja Caldera is one of the most adventurous and rewarding experiences in Iceland, offering a unique blend of natural beauty, geological wonders, and the thrill of exploration. This remote area, accessible only during the summer months from June to September, requires careful planning and preparation, but the rewards are unparalleled.
Guided Tours vs. Self-Driving
Guided Tours: Opting for a guided tour to Askja can take much of the guesswork out of the trip. These tours are led by experienced guides familiar with the terrain, history, and geology of the area. They often include transportation in vehicles equipped to handle the challenging F-roads, making them a great option for those unfamiliar with driving in such conditions. Tours may range from day trips to multi-day excursions, including other attractions in the Icelandic Highlands.
Self-Driving: For the more adventurous traveler, driving to Askja offers a sense of freedom and adventure that is hard to match. This option requires a 4x4 vehicle capable of navigating the rugged F-roads. Self-driving allows for a more flexible itinerary, letting you explore at your own pace and make spontaneous stops along the way. However, it's crucial to be well-prepared with maps, supplies, and a solid understanding of the route and road conditions.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Askja is during the Icelandic summer, when the days are long, and the F-roads are open. This period offers the most accessible conditions for travel and the full beauty of the caldera and its surroundings. The weather is more favorable, and the landscapes are at their most vibrant, making it the ideal time for exploration.
Activities and Attractions
Askja Caldera and its surroundings offer a variety of activities that cater to different interests and levels of adventure.
Hiking to Viti Crater
A hike to Viti Crater is a must-do for visitors to Askja. This relatively easy hike is suitable for most fitness levels and offers stunning views of the crater's warm, milky blue waters. The contrast between the rugged landscape and the serene water is a photographer's dream.
Swimming in Viti Crater
Taking a dip in the geothermal waters of Viti Crater is an unforgettable experience. The water temperature is comfortably warm, making it a perfect spot for a relaxing swim. However, swimming is only allowed when conditions are deemed safe by local authorities.
Exploring Holuhraun Lava Field
The Holuhraun Lava Field, resulting from a recent eruption in 2014-2015, is a vast expanse of fresh lava that offers a unique look at Iceland's dynamic earth. The area is a testament to the island's ongoing geological activity and provides a stark, moon-like landscape to explore.
Venturing into Drekagil Canyon
Drekagil Canyon, with its dramatic cliffs and unusual rock formations, offers a more challenging adventure. The canyon's name, meaning "Dragon Gully," hints at its mystical and rugged beauty. Hiking through Drekagil provides a sense of isolation and wonder, showcasing the diverse terrain of the Icelandic Highlands.
Accommodations: Where to Stay
The area around Askja offers a range of accommodations, catering to different preferences and budgets.
Camping in a Campervan at Snæfell Campground
For those seeking flexibility and a close connection to nature, camping in a campervan at Snæfell Campground is an excellent option. It allows for a comfortable and economical stay, with the freedom to explore the surrounding areas at your own pace.
Guesthouses and Luxury Hotels
For a more comfortable stay, there are guesthouses and hotels near Askja that offer a range of amenities. Guesthouse Askja provides a cozy, intimate setting, while luxury hotels like Fosshotel Myvatn offer upscale accommodations with stunning views of the Icelandic landscape.
Staying near Askja not only provides a base for exploring the caldera and its attractions but also offers the chance to experience the midnight sun in the summer or the northern lights in the autumn and winter months. Regardless of where you choose to stay, the area around Askja Caldera promises an unforgettable experience filled with adventure, natural beauty, and the magic of Iceland's wilderness.
Frequently asked questions about Askja
What happens if Askja erupts?
If Askja erupts, it could significantly impact the surrounding area, including potential ash clouds and lava flows. However, Iceland's sophisticated monitoring systems ensure early warnings to minimize risks to visitors and residents.
What is the largest caldera in Iceland?
The largest caldera in Iceland is the Bárðarbunga volcanic system, which includes a vast caldera hidden beneath the Vatnajökull ice cap. However, Askja offers one of the most accessible and visually stunning caldera experiences.
Can you swim in Askja?
Yes, swimming in the warm waters of Viti Crater within Askja is a unique experience. The water temperature is typically around 25-30 degrees Celsius, making it a pleasant swim, but conditions must be perfect, and the rangers' approval is required for safety.
What kind of volcano is Askja?
Askja is a stratovolcano, characterized by layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, and pumice. Its caldera was formed through the collapse of land following a massive eruption, showcasing the powerful forces at work beneath Iceland's surface.